Remarkable Harvard Referencing Paraphrasing in the Text

Basic Terms Of Harvard Paraphrasing

Thanks to the Internet, the information in today’s world can easily be disseminated from one end of the globe to another with the single push of a button. While this might prove beneficial for global communication, it renders writers and publicists vulnerable to intellectual theft and plagiarism. In this piece, we will be discussing all the nitty-gritty about Harvard referencing paraphrasing.

But before we do so, we’ve got to understand basic terms like ‘citation.’ A citation is a form of reference to an external source used to give credit to a writer or support a given fact while linking back to the original document. Citations are normally represented as alphanumerical expressions embedded into the content of a written document for the purpose of giving credit to previous works related to the topic of discussion.

In most cases, cited papers have both bibliographic entries as well as in-body citations for full credit to be realized.

Different Kinds of Citations

There are different types of paraphrasing Harvard citations used depending on the type of document being written and the kind of citation style desired. The most common styles relevant in today’s literature and academic fields are as follows:

Harvard

The paraphrasing Harvard system is one of the most popular citation styles used in academics today. This system mainly follows the author-date structure when dealing with in-text citations. The aforementioned structure mainly focuses on the last name of the author, the title of the publication in question, and the date in which the document was published. We will delve deeper into the paraphrasing Harvard specifics of such a citation shortly.

MLA

MLA denotes the ‘Modern Language Association’, a style used to briefly identify document sources used in the writing of a specific paper, dissertations, and thesis with the sole objective of linking back to the source so that readers can find them.

APA

APA denotes the ‘American Psychological Association’ and it is a special style for references used to cite publications mostly dealing with psychological and social sciences in academics.

IEEE

This denotes ‘The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers’ and it is a special kind of quoting format used primarily by publicists in the engineering and industrial-based fields. This type mainly deals with numbered citations that are enclosed in square brackets.

Different Styles of Writing

Because of the large volume of documents available in the realm of academics, it is important to know how to cite when doing paraphrasing Harvard in other words. In some cases, students are searching for the Harvard paraphrasing, but not always it could give the proper results. That is why it is important to know the types of making it right. Depending on the type and structure of a document, you can do paraphrasing Harvard in the following ways:
Referencing list
First and foremost, we need to understand exactly what a referencing list is. This is a detailed account of all cited sources in your document—usually presented in list form—that includes important information such as the title of the source document, the author who wrote it, and the date in which the source document was published. Here are some important rules to follow when writing this list:

• Ensure this list is on a separate page and typed at the end of your paraphrasing Harvard paper
• The names of the authors should be organized in alphabetical order. In the event that the publication has no author, it should then be organized alphabetically following the source title.
• It calls for content to have double-space lining. Additionally, there should be a blank line in the list separating one line of text from the other.
• Additionally, the list should contain full information of all in-text references that have been included.

In-text references
When it comes to in-text references, they must be included in the content of the document especially if you’ve paraphrased text or borrowed a quote from another published document.

Harvard referencing paraphrasing in text tends to be shorter than references found in the bibliography, and they usually contain the surname(s) of the authors and editors involved in the writing of the publication. For example: (Anderson, 2018, p. 203)

In the event of two or more authors, the in-text allusion would look something like this: (Colby, Anderson, and Fletcher, 2018, p. 203)

Multiple authors

When citing a published document that is the works of multiple authors, this style dictates the use of the first author’s surname is written followed by ‘et al’ representing co-authors in the list: (Colby et al, 2018, p.203).

No author

In the event that a certain publication has no clearly defined author—but you still have to cite it—you can use the organization that published the post to replace the author. If no organization has been mentioned, simply use the title and write it in italics as follows: (The Magician’s Corner, 2018, p. 203).

An author who published multiple works in the same year

If you happened to be citing one author with quite a number of publications in the same year, you can go about this by first allocating letters to represent the various publications. For example, ‘a’ could represent The Magician’s Corner while ‘b’ could represent 101 Magic Tricks for Guests. As such, when citing them, you will use the following structure: (Colby, 2018a, p.203) or (Colby, 2018b, p.203).

Citing a number of works all in one parenthesis

In such a case, you can list your in-text citations just as you have been doing, with the only difference being that you will add a semi-colon after every citation as shown here: (Colby, 2018, p. 203; Adona, 2017, p.147; Kennedy, 2012, pp. 143-147).

Citing published works with no date

In such a case, all you have to do is simply cite the source using ‘no date’ in place of the date sections as follows: (Colby, no date, pp. 203-207).

The  citation of a secondary source

If you are citing a secondary source, you can begin with your first allusion then followed by the term ‘cited in’ before writing the original author as follows: (Armstrong 2018, cited in Colby, 2018, pp.203-207).

Common Problems Faced by Writers

Most writers and students have it tough using Harvard style in-text citation due to the following reasons:

• Confusing the format structure. The standard format structure is surname, date, and page. Nevertheless, most students tend to confuse themselves on how to Harvard reference when paraphrasing; especially when it comes to understanding this structure and can substitute date for time and vice-versa.
• Forgetting to cite their sources. Due to pressure from deadlines and research, a student might rush to have their paper completed only to forget to cite their sources.
• Not having a clear understanding of the research material that they have accessed. Failing to understand the topic that you are writing about, as well as the source documents for citing, can make citation a nightmare!

Examples of Styles

Here are some prime examples of paraphrasing Harvard referencing style.

“The Cold War was a more of a psychological battle than a physical one between Russia and the United States” (Donovan et al, 1999, p. 235)

“It’s important that you brush your teeth with a horizontal swing rather than a vertical one” (Health Magazine Daily, 2008, pp.203-209)

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